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Health Insurance Information
What kinds of health insurance are there?
There are essentially two kinds of heath insurance: Fee-for-Service and Managed Care. Although
these plans differ, they both cover an array of medical, surgical and hospital expenses. Most
cover prescription drugs and some also offer dental coverage.
- Fee-for-Service
These plans generally assume that the medical professional will be paid a fee for each
service provided to the patient. Patients are seen by a doctor of their choice and the claim
is filed by either the medical provider or the patient.
- Managed Care
More than half of all Americans have some kind of managed-care plan1. Various plans work
differently and can include: health maintenance organizations (HM0s), preferred provider
organizations (PPOs) and point-of-service (POS) plans. These plans provide comprehensive
health services to their members and offer financial incentives to patients who use the
providers in the plan.
What is 'long-term care'?
Because of old age, mental or physical illness, or injury, some people find themselves in need of
help with eating, bathing, dressing, toileting or continence, and/or transferring (e.g., getting
out of a chair or out of bed). These six actions are called Activities of Daily Living–sometimes
referred to as ADLs. In general, if you can’t do two or more of these activities, or if you have
a cognitive impairment, you are said to need “long-term care.”
Long-term care isn’t a very helpful name for this type of situation because, for one thing, it
might not last for a long time. Some people who need ADL services might need them only for a few
months or less.
Many people think that long-term care is provided exclusively in a nursing home. It can be, but
it can also be provided in an adult day care center, an assisted living facility, or at home.
Assistance with ADLs, called “custodial care,” may be provided in the same place as (and
therefore is sometimes confused with) “skilled care.” Skilled care means medical, nursing, or
rehabilitative services, including help taking medicine, undergoing testing (e.g. blood
pressure), or other similar services. This distinction is important because generally Medicare
and most private health insurance pays only for skilled care–not custodial care.
What are the types of disability insurance?
There are two types of disability policies: Short-Term Disability (STD) and Long-Term Disability
(LTD):
- Short-Term Disability policies (STD) have a waiting period of 0 to 14 days with a maximum
benefit period of no longer than two years.
- Long-Term Disability policies (LTD) have a waiting period of several weeks to several months
with a maximum benefit period ranging from a few years to the rest of your life.
Disability policies have two different protection features that are important to understand.
- Non-cancelable means the policy cannot be canceled by the insurance group, except for
nonpayment of premiums. This gives you the right to renew the policy every year without an
increase in the premium or a reduction in benefits.
- Guaranteed renewable gives you the right to renew the policy with the same benefits and not
have the policy canceled by the company. However, your insurer has the right to increase
your premiums as long as it does so for all other policyholders in the same rating class as
you.
In addition to the traditional disability policies, there are several options you should consider
when purchasing a policy:
- Additional purchase options
Your insurance group gives you the right to buy additional insurance at a later time for
an additional cost.
- Coordination of benefits
The amount of benefits you receive from your insurance group is dependent on other
benefits you receive because of your disability. Your policy specifies a target amount you
will receive from all the policies combined, so this policy will make up the difference not
paid by other policies.
- Cost of living adjustment (COLA)
The COLA increases your disability benefits over time based on the increased cost of living
measured by the Consumer Price Index. You will pay a higher premium if you select the COLA.
- Residual or partial disability rider
This provision allows you to return to work part-time, collect part of your salary and
receive a partial disability payment if you are still partially disabled.
- Return of premium
This provision requires the insurance group to refund part of your premium if no claims
are made for a specific period of time declared in the policy.
- Waiver of premium provision
This clause means that you do not have to pay premiums on the policy after you’re disabled
for 90 days.
